中國(guó)國(guó)際電視臺(tái)主播劉欣與美國(guó)福克斯商業(yè)頻道主播翠西·里根就中美摩擦等相關(guān)議題進(jìn)行了一場(chǎng)面對(duì)面的“跨洋對(duì)話”,那么其中有哪些值得我們關(guān)注的熱點(diǎn)呢?
談及知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán):
當(dāng)翠西問到所謂中國(guó) “知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)偷竊”傷害美國(guó)公司問題時(shí),劉欣反問道,你可以問下在華投資的美國(guó)公司的意愿,問問他們是否愿意在華投資,美國(guó)公司在華投資利潤(rùn)豐厚。
劉欣接著說,我承認(rèn),在中國(guó)是有一些侵犯知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)的案例,但是那都是公司的問題,世界上包括美國(guó)在內(nèi)的很多國(guó)家的公司都出現(xiàn)過這樣的問題,這些僅是個(gè)例,不能說美國(guó)公司偷了就是美國(guó)偷了,中國(guó)公司偷了就是中國(guó)偷了。劉欣解釋道,中國(guó)社會(huì)對(duì)加強(qiáng)知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)保護(hù)是有廣泛共識(shí)的。
Liu Xin: There is consensus among Chinese people that no country or individual can protect itself without intellectual property protection. Isolated cases do not mean that America is stealing or Chinese people are stealing.
關(guān)于關(guān)稅:
當(dāng)翠西問到關(guān)稅的問題時(shí),翠西說,2016年,中國(guó)對(duì)美國(guó)16%的商品征收9.9%的關(guān)稅過高。
劉欣說降低關(guān)稅是一個(gè)很好的想法。這樣,美國(guó)消費(fèi)者可以用更便宜的價(jià)格買到中國(guó)商品,中國(guó)也可以用更便宜的價(jià)格買到美國(guó)商品。但是您剛才也提到了我們現(xiàn)在是規(guī)則主導(dǎo)的世界,如果一方想要改變規(guī)則,必須要取得相關(guān)方的共識(shí)。美國(guó)不能對(duì)中國(guó)有區(qū)別性對(duì)待,降低關(guān)稅需要是個(gè)多邊的共同決定。我們目前執(zhí)行的是20年前的標(biāo)準(zhǔn),在關(guān)稅問題上,我們的確需要改變規(guī)則。
Trish Regan: What do you think of "to heck with tariffs, let's get rid of them altogether"? What do you think?
Liu Xin: When we talk about tariffs, it's not just between China and the U.S. If you don't like the rules, then let's change the rules, but it has to be done as a multilateral decision.
關(guān)于中國(guó)特色市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì):
翠西發(fā)問劉欣你如何定義“國(guó)家資本主義”,劉欣解釋道,中國(guó)是中國(guó)特色市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì),讓市場(chǎng)在經(jīng)濟(jì)中發(fā)揮主導(dǎo)作用。國(guó)有企業(yè)在經(jīng)濟(jì)中有重要作用,但作用正在不斷減少,國(guó)家并沒有控制經(jīng)濟(jì)的一切。
來看一組數(shù)據(jù):中國(guó)80%的就業(yè)是由民營(yíng)企業(yè)提供的;中國(guó)80%的出口是由民營(yíng)企業(yè)提供的;中國(guó)65%的創(chuàng)新是由民營(yíng)企業(yè)完成的;中國(guó)一些領(lǐng)先的公司,比如因特網(wǎng)公司、5G公司都是民營(yíng)企業(yè)。我們的經(jīng)濟(jì)制度是多元的、活躍的、開放的。
Trish Regan: How do you define state capitalism?
Liu Xin: We would like to define it as socialism with Chinese characteristics, where market forces are expected to play the dominating or deciding role in the allocation of resources.
We want it to be a market economy but there are some Chinese characteristics, for example, some State-owned enterprises which play an important but smaller role maybe in the economy.
We are a socialist economy with Chinese characteristics, but we are not just State controlled, we are quite mixed, very dynamic and very open as well.
談及發(fā)展中國(guó)家地位:
翠西還發(fā)問劉欣有關(guān)發(fā)展中國(guó)家地位的問題,劉欣答道,中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)的總體量很大,但中國(guó)有14億人口,人均GDP不及美國(guó)人均GDP的六分之一。但是中國(guó)人很努力,中國(guó)是聯(lián)合國(guó)維和任務(wù)的最大貢獻(xiàn)者,也提供了非常多的國(guó)際人道主義援助。
Liu Xin: If you look at the overall size of the Chinese economy, don't forget we have 1.4 billion people. If you divide the second-largest economy in the world, when it comes down to per capita GDP we are less than one-sixth of the U.S.
We can do a lot of big things, and people are looking upon us to do a lot more around the world.